ROBERT MACDONALD, Director

Robert MacDonald joined Bios in February 1997 as President and the first employee, having been seduced by the science of Stu Kauffman and the backing of Ernst & Young. Bob has over twenty years of venture company experience as a general partner of two national venture capital firms and president of four venture capital-backed companies, including two that he took to public ownership. Prior to joining BiosGroup, Bob was President and Chief Executive Officer of Level 8 Systems, Inc. where he completed three acquisitions, a 1995 initial public offering, and a 1996 secondary public offering. He has also been President of ProfitKey International (manufacturing scheduling software) and Lifeline Systems (medical electronics). He was a partner of Idanta Partners (early stage venture partnership funded by the Bass family) and Plant Resources Venture Fund (biotechnology as applied to agriculture). Bob has served on the Boards of Directors of more than 20 early-stage companies (the most successful being the ones of which he was President) and served as an officer in the U.S. Army (Outstanding OCS Graduate and Special Assistant to Commanding General, Western Area Military Traffic Management Service). He holds a B.S. in engineering physics and an M.E. in electrical engineering from Cornell University (Outstanding Senior) and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School (High Distinction and Baker Scholar).