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Lesson 39: Vocabulary Interlude 7 |
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anadal |
meal (lunch, dinner, etc.) |
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áalaá |
butterfly |
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bada |
spoon |
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bin |
bowl |
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bre |
layer |
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hed |
drinking glass |
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líithi |
to be white |
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líithin |
to be grey |
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lod |
household |
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lub |
poultry, fowl |
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máa |
egg |
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meda |
vegetable |
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ni |
cup |
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ona |
face (body part) |
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óowa |
fire |
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oódóo |
bridge |
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rin |
plate |
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rushi |
wine |
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thu |
honey |
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un |
to lead |
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You might be interested in knowing a little more about the words for "bridge" and "butterfly." One of the things that women do in their language behavior, in all of the languages I know, is a whole lot of body language work. I wanted that work to be less in Láadan, and the language is therefore constructed to lexicalize body language. (That is, to give it a pronounced form, instead of leaving it all to be done by tone of voice and gesture and facial expression and so on.) That's why you have the set of words that tell whether the sentence coming up is a statement or question or something else; and that's why you have the endings that tell whether the sentence is meant as a joke or a lesson or a narrative or something else--to reduce the communications labor for the women speaking. The word for bridge, when its tone markers are in the right place, has a sound pattern like this: |
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1Bíide eril meyod len óowaha o widahath nohal le háanáaleya wa. 2Thalehul anadal. 3Eril ham lub i bal thuden i wohaba wohódon i máa i meda; rana lenetho rushi. 4Ham lod woho. 5Mehalehale i mehamedara len anadaleya aril. 6Widahath mehóoha len, mesháad len bethedi i naháana le. 7Thi le mewoháya wohozheth. 8Shumáad le babídan menedebe i un beneth yáaninedi boó we. 9Noháana le widahath nalíithin wohene wothosh wa. 10Ril láad le owath onanan bróo naham rosh; aril háyahal sháal; rilrili shóo wothaleháalish wobeye. |
Of course, since the preceding sentences are presented as a story in paragraph form, no Speech Act Morphemes or Evidence Morphemes are required after the first sentence--except when we switch to dream perception and back.
11 |
The teacher asked the child, "Does your horse live on land or in the ocean?" |
12 |
"On land," said the child. |
13 |
The teacher asked, "Is a horse a wild animal or a domesticated animal?" |
14 |
"A domesticated animal." |
15 |
"Does a fish live on land or in the ocean?" |
16 |
The child thought and said, "In the ocean." |
17 |
The child was still. Slowly she began to cry. |
18 |
The teacher asked, "Why are you crying?" |
19 |
The child said in a small voice, "I play music for my horse, but I shall never play for the fish because it would need many days for me to travel to the ocean." |
20 |
The teacher laughed gently and said, "You will be able to do it. If you were never able to play music for the fish, then I would cry also." |
Notice the word "never" in #19 & 20. We are already acquainted with "hadihad" (always). The opposite of "always" is "never:" "rahadihad" [
In case you couldn't follow the (fairly advanced) syntax of the answer to #19, the third clause is
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1 |
We ate around the fire when I finished working in the evening. |
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2 |
The meal was very good. |
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3 |
There were poultry, bread with honey, fragrant cheese, eggs and a vegetable; our beverage was wine. |
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4 |
The whole household was there. |
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5 |
We made music and danced after the meal. |
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6 |
When we were tired, we went home and I went to sleep. |
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7 |
I had beautiful dreams. |
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8 |
I dreamed I was flying with many birds (with pleasure) and led them to the three trees. |
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9 |
I awoke when the eastern sky was beginning to be grey. |
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10 |
I feel warmth on my face because the sun is beginning to shine; it's going to be an unusually beautiful day; maybe something wonderful will happen. |
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11 |
Bíi eril mime omá háawithedi, "Báa habelid omid netho e doniha e melaha?" |
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12 |
"Doniha wa," di háawith. |
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13 |
Mime omá, "Báa omid e romid e shamid?" |
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14 |
"Shamid wa." |
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15 |
"Báa habelid thili e doniha e melaha?" |
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16 |
Lith háawith, i di be, "Melaha wa." |
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17 |
Wam háawith. Nadelishe be lóolonal. |
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18 |
Mime omá, "Delishe ne bebáawáan?" |
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19 |
Di háawith híyanal, "Bíi alehale le omid lethoda, izh aril alehale ra le thilida rahadihad bróo rilrili them im le meladihé sháaleth menedebe wa." |
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20 |
Ada omá lemanal i di, "Aril thad shub ne be. Rilrili bre thad alehale ra ne thilida rahadihad, ébre delishe le íi." |